Determiners : Types of Determiners, Determiners Rules in Assamese
Question :- What is Determiner ?
Ans : A, an, the, this, that, these, those, some, any, many, much, more, most, very, less, fewer, each, every, either, neither, little, a little, the little, few, a few, the few, a lot of, lots of, one, two, first, second, our, their, my, his, her, own, all, both etc. words are called Determiners.
They are frequently used in English. It is, therefore, very essential for us to learn their proper uses.
In this chapter some important rules of most commonly used determiners have been explained with various examples expecting that the students will be able to solve any problem faced on them.
( যিবোৰ word, 'Noun' ৰ আগত বহি Noun বোৰৰ Countable, Uncountable, নিৰ্দিষ্ট, অনিৰ্দিষ্ট আদি নিৰূপণ কৰে, সেইবোৰক Determiners বোলে ।)
Types of Determiners :-
1. Article -- a, an, the
- Must Read : Rules of Articles
2. Article Like Determiner -- this, that, these,
those.
3. Cardinal Determiner ( সংখ্যাবাচক ) -- one,
two, three, four, five, six, seven etc.
4. Ordinal Determiner ( ক্ৰমবোধক ) -- first,
second, third, fourth, fifth etc.
5. Possessive Determiner ( সম্বন্ধবাচক ) -- my,
mine, your, our, ours, his, her, their, its,
Rahul's, Ram's, Lakshmi's etc.
6. Quantitative Determiner ( পৰিমাণবাচক ) --
few, little, many, much, more, some,
several, any, enough, half etc.
Determiners Rules :-
Some :- সংখ্যা বা পৰিমাণ বুজাবলৈ Countable
আৰু Uncountable ৰ আগত সাধাৰণতে Asser-
tive আৰু Affirmative Sentence ত Some
ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
The boy bought some apple.
They went to the market with some money.
There are some boys and girls present in the class.
Any :- সংখ্যা বা পৰিমাণ বুজাবলৈ Countable
আৰু Uncountable ৰ আগত সাধাৰণতে Nega-
tive আৰু Interrogative Sentence ত Any
ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
I don't have any book to read.
Do you need any help from me?
They didn't know any man in this village.
Do you have any friend here?
কিন্তু কেতিয়াবা Interrogative আৰু Nega-
tive Sentence তো Some ব্যৱহাৰ হয়, আৰু
Affirmative Sentence তো Any ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
যেনে-
Some people don't like tea.
Can you lend me some money?
Any man can do this.
He can do anything he wants.
Many :- সংখ্যা বুজাবলৈ Countable Plural Noun ৰ আগত Many ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । Many
ৰ সলনি lots of ও ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি । যেনে-
Many people attended the party.
He bought many Mangoes.
She has many frocks.
Much :- পৰিমাণ বুজাবলৈ Uncountable Noun ৰ আগত Much ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । Much ৰ সলনি a lot of ও ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি । যেনে-
Mukesh Ambani has much money.
He took much luggage with him.
Comparative Degree ৰ আগত Much
ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে -
He is much taller than his sister.
Rahul is much wiser than Bakul.
More :- দুটাৰ মাজত তুলনা বুজাবলৈ More
ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
Sita is more intelligent than Gita.
They got more help from their brother.
Little, a Little, the Little :- ইহঁতে পৰিমাণ বুজায়। ইহঁত uncountable singular noun আগত বহে।
Little :- প্ৰায় নোহোৱা বা নথকা পৰিমাণ বুজাবলৈ Little ব্যৱহাৰ হয় । যেনে -
A busy person has little time to spare.
ব্যস্ত মানুহৰ কটাবলগীয়া সময় নাই বুলিয়েই কব পাৰি ।
There is little water in the jug.
A little :- অলপ পৰিমাণ বুজাবলৈ a little ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । Just আৰু only ৰ পিছত uncountable noun থাকিলে a little হয় । যেনে-
There is just a little water in the jug.
A little learning is a dangerous thing.
Only a little help will be enough for me.
The little :- যি অলপ পৰিমাণ আছে তাৰ আটাইখিনি বুজাবলৈ The little ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
The man spent the little money he had.
The boy drank the little milk which had in the glass.
N:B: just, only, for, already, yet, with, enough, question mark ( ? ), not থাকিলে a little বহে।
দুটা verb থাকিলে the little আৰু ইহঁত অবিহনে little বহে।
Note: কেতিয়াবা কেতিয়াবা N.B. ৰ কথা খিনিৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হব পাৰে বাক্যৰ অর্থ অনুসৰি। যেনে -
He will stay here for a little while.
A little guidance from you will be enough for me.
Can you help me with a little money?
There is a little tea in the cup yet to be drunk.
We have only a little money.
He has already drunk a little water.
She gave away the little money she had to the beggar.
He has to feed his family with the little money he earns.
You will have to manage with the little money you have.
The man spent the little money he had.
Give the little milk to the cat have in the cup.
A busy has little time to spare.
There is little hope for his success.
There is little water in the jug.
The pond is dry, it has little water.
Socrates studies a little about the stars.
A little learning is a dangerous thing.
Few, a Few, the Few :- ইহঁত countable plural noun ৰ আগত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় ।
Few :- প্ৰায় নোহোৱা বা নথকা বুজাবলৈ Few ব্যৱহাৰ হয় । যেনে -
I have few mangoes in my hand.
He has few friends.
A few :- অলপ সংখ্যক বুজাবলৈ A few ব্যৱহাৰ
হয় । Just, Only, আৰু Quite শব্দৰ পিছত a few ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
There are a few girls in this village.
I have only a few friends in this town.
Quite a few marbles remained in my hand.
The few :-যি অলপ সংখ্যক আছে তাৰ আটাইখিনি বুজাবলৈ The few ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
He ate the few apples he bought.
The few friends I have all are rich.
N:B: just, already, only, for, enough, yet, not,question mark( ? ), with আদি বাক্যত
থাকিলে a few বহে। দুটা verb থাকিলে the few আৰু ইহত অবিহনে few বহে ।
Note- বাক্যৰ অৰ্থৰ ওপৰত নিৰ্ভৰ কৰি ওপৰৰ N.B. ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হব পাৰে। Examples:
There are only a few girls in our class.
There are just a few apples left.
Only a few of the candidates were suitable.
Can you lend me a few books?
He can not depend on the few friends he has.
I bought the few books I needed.
The few friends I have are all good.
Many guests were invited, but only a few turned up.
Shirajul Hoque Khan is a man of few words.
There are few workers in the factory today.
Each, Every :-
Each বহে দুটাৰ মাজত এটা নাইবা প্রত্যেকটোকে বুজাবলৈ। আনহাতে Every বহে দুটাতকৈ বেছিৰ মাজত এটাক নাইবা প্রত্যেকটোকে বুজাবলৈ।
N.B. সাধাৰণ অৰ্থত each / every singular countable noun ৰ আগত বহে। কিন্তু plural countable noun ৰ আগত- ‘of the’ থাকিলে each আৰু ‘one of the’ থাকিলে every বহুৱাব লাগে।
Note-সাধাৰণ অৰ্থত Singular Countable Noun ৰ আগত every বহে । যেনে :-
Each of the boys has done his work.
Each of the competitors will get a certificate.
Each of the players of our team encourages me.
Each of the two brothers has bought a car.
Each of the girls was rewarded.
Every boy of the class will get a prize.
I know every member of his family.
Every minute of our life is precious.
Every man wishes to be happy.
Every man will die.
Every one of the workers was paid.
Each of the guests was given a pholam gamocha.
Either :- দুটাৰ এটা বা দুটাৰ প্ৰত্যেকটোকে বুজাবলৈ Either ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে -
She wrote either of the questions
They can write it either with a pen or with a pencil.
Neither :- দুটাৰ কোনোটোকে নুবুজাবলৈ Neither ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
Neither she nor her sister is a dancer.
He took neither an apple nor a mango.
Between :- দুটাৰ মাজত বুজাবলৈ Between
ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
He divided these chocolates between Raju
and Biju.
Rajesh is sitting between the two boys.
Among :- দুটাতকৈ বেছিৰ মাজত বুজাবলৈ Among ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় । যেনে-
She distributed the apples among her friends.
Who among you can answer the question?
Very :- Present Participle ৰ আগত, Positive Degree ৰ Adjective আৰু Adverb আগত Very বহে । যেনে -
Ramayana is very interesting story.
That is very amusing.
She is a very good girl.
He ran very slowly.
I drive very carefully.
Less/ Fewer :- Uncountable Noun ৰ আগত Less বহে । আনহাতে, Plural Countable Noun ৰ আগত Fewer বহে । ইহঁতৰ পিছত প্ৰায়ে Than থাকে ।
যেনে -
No fewer than forty students were present in the class.
He earns less money than you.
No fewer than thirty benches are in our class
He works less than his brother.
( More rules Coming Soon )
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